![]() Firstly, the skin and subcutaneous tissue were removed and thoracic cavity contents exposed. The dissection was conducted from superficial to deep planes. All protocols were done according to the ethics and regulation of research with human subjects of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences. The fetus was transferred to the dissecting lab. The mother had no history of infectious disease during pregnancy or metabolic disorders. The prenatal diagnosis of CHARGE syndrome was confirmed based on tympanic ring anomaly and also on mother’s coloboma history. ![]() Here, we are reporting a CHARGE syndrome with cardiac outflow tract anomalies and severe intestinal and renal malformations.ĭuring a routine educational dissection of a donated 22 weeks’ male fetus with prenatal diagnosed CHARGE syndrome, a wide spectrum of multiple anomalies was observed. Minor criteria are characterized with cardiovascular anomalies such as Fallot tetralogy, genital hypoplasia, orofacial cleft, and tracheoesophageal fistula (Anderzén-Carlsson 2015). Major criteria include ocular coloboma, choanal atresia/stenosis, cranial nerve anomalies, and ear anomalies. ![]() The minor criteria occur less frequently or are less specific to CHARGE syndrome (Blake and Prasad 2006). Major criteria are those findings that occur commonly in CHARGE syndrome but are relatively rare in other conditions. Nowadays, it is defined as major, minor, and occasional criteria. The CHARGE association criteria were originally proposed by Pagon (Pagon et al. Complex heart defects, bilateral choanal atresia, esophageal atresia, severe T cell deficiency, and brain anomalies can cause neonatal death (Bergman et al. CHARGE syndrome or Hall-Hittner syndrome is a rare multiple congenital anomaly syndrome that can be life threatening in the neonatal period.
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